The Design and Implementation of Maker Projects in Elementary Schools: A Scoping Review

Authors

  • Megan Cotnam-Kappel Université d'Ottawa
  • Alison Cattani-Nardelli l’Université d’Ottawa
  • Sima Neisary l’Université d’Ottawa
  • Patrick R. Labelle l’Université d’Ottawa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21432/cjlt28608

Keywords:

digital technologies, maker, maker education, scoping review, teacher education

Abstract

The rise in popularity of the maker movement in schools is evident around the globe, yet research, particularly in French, is still in early stages. This article provides a scoping review of maker projects in grades four through eight classrooms in elementary schools from around the globe, aiming to uncover their implementation, materials used, and outcomes on students and teachers. From 1900 initial studies, 68 scientific articles were analyzed. This article outlines the three stages of maker projects: 1) inspiration and preparation, 2) implementation and realization, and 3) presentation and recontextualization, while highlighting an equal mix of digital and physical tools within the selected papers. It also discusses the impact on students across affective, social, disciplinary, and metacognitive dimensions, as well as on teachers, including pedagogical, affective, and social outcomes. Examples of disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary maker projects are highlighted, showcasing the broad scope and potential of maker education. These findings are essential for strengthening teacher education with research-informed best practices for designing and integrating maker projects in classrooms.

Author Biographies

Megan Cotnam-Kappel, Université d'Ottawa

Megan Cotnam-Kappel is an Associate Professor in Educational Technologies in the Faculty of Education at the University of Ottawa, Canada. She holds the Digital Thriving of Franco-Ontarian Communities Research Chair and her research focuses on digital literacies and citizenship, teacher education, and equity-oriented pedagogies, including maker-centred learning.

Alison Cattani-Nardelli, l’Université d’Ottawa

Alison Cattani-Nardelli is a graduate of the University of Ottawa in Canada, where she studied literature and entrepreneurship before completing a master’s degree in education. Her interests include the maker movement, alternative, cooperative, and playful pedagogies. Her work more specifically focuses on marginalized populations living in minority or disadvantaged contexts.

Sima Neisary, l’Université d’Ottawa

Sima Neisary holds a Ph.D. from the Faculty of Education at the University of Ottawa. Her research focuses on digital literacies and digital inequities, with a particular emphasis on English language learners and immigrants/newcomers. Sima is dedicated to amplifying the voices of ELLs and newcomers, advocating for inclusive and equitable educational opportunities to mitigate digital inequities for those at risk of being left behind

Patrick R. Labelle, l’Université d’Ottawa

Patrick R. Labelle is a research librarian at the University of Ottawa. He works on knowledge synthesis projects primarily in social sciences and education through collaborations with researchers and graduate students. Patrick is also an information specialist with the Campbell Collaboration and a co-instructor with the Evidence Synthesis Institute Canada.

References

Albers, B., & Pattuwage, L. (2017). Implementation in education: Findings from a scoping review. Evidence for Learning, 10.

Arksey, H., & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616

Assaf, L. C., Pakamile, P., & Brooks, J. (2021). Superheroes and community innovators: Opportunities to engage in critical literacy in a makerspace camp in rural South Africa. Language Arts, 98(6), 315–329. https://doi.org/10.58680/la202131331

Barton, A. C., Tan, E., & Greenberg, D. (2017). The makerspace movement : Sites of possibilities for equitable opportunities to engage underrepresented youth in STEM. Teachers College Record, 119(6), 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811711900608

Becker, S., & Jacobsen, M. (2019). How can I build a model if I don’t know the answer to the question? : Developing student and teacher sky scientist ontologies through making. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(Suppl 1), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-09953-8

Becker, S., & Jacobsen, M. (2021). A year at the improv: The evolution of teacher and student identity in an elementary school makerspace. Teaching Education, 34(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2021.1978968

Bevan, B. (2017). The promise and the promises of making in science education. Studies in Science Education, 53(1), 75–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2016.1275380

Bevan, B., Ryoo, J. J., Vanderwerff, A., Wilkinson, K., & Petrich, M. (2020). I see students differently : Following the lead of maker educators in defining what counts as learning. Frontiers in Education, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.00121

Bishop, R., & Lepou, S. (2018). How can a makerspace in the school setting support increased motivation, engagement, and achievement for Pasifika and Māori learners? Set. Research Information for Teachers, 1, 19–24. https://doi.org/10.18296/set.0098

Blais, M., & Martineau, S. (2006). L’analyse inductive générale : description d’une démarche visant à donner un sens à des données brutes. Recherches qualitatives, 26(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.7202/1085369ar

Bosqué, C. (2015). Des FabLabs dans les marges : détournements et appropriations. Journal des anthropologues, 3(142–143), 49–76. https://doi.org/10.4000/jda.6207

Bosqué, C., Noor, O., & Ricard, L. (2014). Fablabs, etc. Les nouveaux lieux de fabrication numérique. Eyrolles.

Buchholz, B., Shively, K., Peppler, K., & Wohlwend, K. (2014). Hands on, hands off: Gendered access in crafting and electronics practices. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 21(4), 278–297. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749039.2014.939762

Bull, G., Schmidt-Crawford, D. A., McKenna, M. C., & Cohoon, J. (2017). Storymaking: Combining making and storytelling in a school makerspace. Theory into Practice, 56(4), 271–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2017.1348114

Caratachea, M. X., Greene, M. D., & Jones, W. M. (2023). Maker-centered professional learning for inservice and preservice K-12 educators: A systematic literature review. TechTrends, 67, 648–663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00865-7

Chen, C.-S., & Lin, J.-W. (2019). A practical action research study of the impact of maker-centered STEM-PjBL on a rural middle school in Taiwan. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(Suppl 1), 85–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-09961-8

Chu, S. L., Angello, G., Saenz, M., & Quek, F. (2017). Fun in Making: Understanding the experience of fun and learning through curriculum-based Making in the elementary school classroom. Entertainment Computing, 18, 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2016.08.007

Clapp, E., Ross, J., Ryan, J. O., & Tishman, S. (2017). Maker-centered learning. Empowering young people to shape their worlds. Jossey-Bass.

Cotnam-Kappel, M., Hagerman, M., & Duplàa, E. (2020). La formation bricoleur : un modèle informé par les expériences et voix du personnel enseignant. Revue des sciences de l’éducation, 46(1), 117–150. https://doi.org/10.7202/1070729ar

Dalton, B. (2020). Bringing together multimodal composition and maker education in K–8 classrooms. Language Arts, 97(3), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.58680/la202030415

Davidson, A.-L., & Price, D. W. (2018). Does your school have the maker fever? An experiential learning approach to developing maker competencies. LEARNing Landscapes, 11(1), 103–120. https://doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v11i1.926

Friend, L., & Mills, K. A. (2021). Towards a typology of touch in multisensory makerspaces. Learning, Media and Technology, 46(4), 465–482. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2021.1928695

Fu, Y., Zhang, D., & Jiang, H. (2022). Students’ attitudes and competences in modeling using 3D cartoon toy design maker. Sustainability, 14(4), 2176. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042176

Geser, G., Hollauf, E.-M., Hornung-Prähauser, V., Schön, S., & Vloet, F. (2019). Makerspaces as social innovation and entrepreneurship learning environments: The DOIT learning program. Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education, 10(2), 60–71. https://doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2019-0018

Godhe, A. L., Lilja, P., & Selwyn, N. (2019). Making sense of making: Critical issues in the integration of maker education into schools. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 28(3), 317–328. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2019.1610040

Hagerman, M. S. (2017). Les Bricoscientifiques: Exploring the intersections of disciplinary, digital, and maker literacies instruction in a Franco-Ontarian School. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 61(3), 319–325. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26631130

Hagerman, M. S., Cotnam-Kappel, M., Turner, J., & Hughes, J. (2022). Literacies in the Making: A descriptive study of three fifth-grade students’ digital-physical meaning-making practices while crafting musical instruments from recycled materials. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 3(1), 63–84. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epub/10.1080/1475939X.2021.1997794?needAccess=true

Halverson, E., & Sheridan, K. (2014). The maker movement in education. Harvard Educational Review, 84(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.84.4.34j1g68140382063

Hansen, A. K., McBeath, J. K., & Harlow, D. B. (2019). No bones about it: How digital fabrication changes student perceptions of their role in the classroom. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER), 9(1), 95–116. https://doi.org/10.7771/2157-9288.1155

Harlow, D., & Hansen, A. (2018). School maker faires. Science and Children, 55(7), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.2505/4/sc18_055_07_30

Hébert, C., & Jenson, J. (2020). Making in schools: Student learning through an e-textiles curriculum. Discourse, 41(5), 740–761. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2020.1769937

Herro, D., Quigley, C., & Abimbade, O. (2021a). Assessing elementary students’ collaborative problem-solving in makerspace activities. Information and Learning Science, 122(11/12), 774–794. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-08-2020-0176

Herro, D., Quigley, C., Plank, H., & Abimbade, O. (2021b). Understanding students’ social interactions during making activities designed to promote computational thinking. The Journal of Educational Research, 114(2), 183–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2021.1884824

Holbert, N. (2016). Leveraging cultural values and « ways of knowing » to increase diversity in maker activities. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 9–10, 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2016.10.002

Hollweck, T., Cotnam-Kappel, M., Hargreaves, A., & Boultif, A. (2023). Des écoles se prennent au jeu après la pandémie : le réseau canadien des écoles ludiques. Magazine EdCan. https://www.edcan.ca/articles/des-ecoles-se-prennent-au-jeu-apres-la-pandemie/?lang=fr

Hsu, P.-S., Lee, E. M., Ginting, S., Smith, T. J., & Kraft, C. (2019). A case study exploring non-dominant youths’ attitudes toward science through making and scientific argumentation. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(Suppl 1), 185–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-09997-w

Hughes, J., Morrison, L., Mamolo, A., Laffier, J., & de Castell, S. (2019). Addressing bullying through critical making. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(1), 309–325. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12714

Hughes, J. M. (2017). Digital making with « at-risk » youth. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 34(2), 102–113. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-08-2016-0037

Iivari, N., Kinnula, M., & Molin-Juustila, T. (2018). You have to start somewhere: Initial meanings making in a design and making project. Dans Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Interaction Design and Children (p. 80–92). https://doi.org/10.1145/3202185.3202742

Iwata, M., Pitkänen, K., Laru, J., & Mäkitalo, K. (2020). Exploring potentials and challenges to develop twenty-first century skills and computational thinking in K-12 maker education. Frontiers in Education, 5, 87. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.00087

Jin, Y., & Harron, J. R. (2022). Maker education infusion in educator preparation programs: A 2025 vision for technology and teacher education. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 30(2), 265–274. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/221081/

Kajamaa, A., & Kumpulainen, K. (2019). Agency in the making: Analyzing students’ transformative agency in a school-based makerspace. Mind, Culture and Activity, 26(3), 266–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749039.2019.1647547

Ke, F., Clark, K. M., & Uysal, S. (2019). Architecture game-based mathematical learning by making. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(Suppl 1), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-09996-x

Kendrick, M., Namazzi, E., Becker-Zayas, A., & Tibwamulala, E. N. (2020). Closing the HIV and AIDS « information gap » between children and parents: An exploration of makerspaces in a Ugandan primary school. Education Sciences, 10(8), 193. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10080193

Kumpulainen, K., Kajamaa, A., Leskinen, J., Byman, J., & Renlund, J. (2020). Mapping digital competence: Students’ maker literacies in a school’s makerspace. Frontiers in Education, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.00069

Leinonen, T., Virnes, M., Hietala, I., & Brinck, J. (2020). 3D printing in the wild: Adopting digital fabrication in elementary school education. The International Journal of Art & Design Education, 39(3), 600–615. https://doi.org/10.1111/jade.12310

Martin, W. B., Yu, J., Wei, X., Vidiksis, R., Patten, K. K., & Riccio, A. (2020). Promoting science, technology, and engineering self-efficacy and knowledge for all with an autism inclusion maker program. Frontiers in Education, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.00075

Martinez, S. L., & Stager, G. (2013). Invent to learn. Making, tinkering and engineering in the classroom. Constructing Modern Knowledge Press.

McGowan, J., Sampson, M., Salzwedel, D. M., Cogo, E., Foerster, V., & Lefebvre, C. (2016). PRESS peer review of electronic search strategies: 2015 guideline statement. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 75, 40–46.

Montgomery, S., & Madden, L. (2019). Novel engineering: Integrating literacy and engineering design in a fifth grade classroom. Science Activities, 56(1), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/00368121.2019.1638744

Munn, Z., Peters, M. D. J., Stern, C., Tufanaru, C., McArthur, A., & Aromataris, E. (2018). Systematic reviews or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18. https://bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12874-018-0611-x

Murai, Y., & San Juan, A. Y. (2023). Making as an opportunity for classroom assessment: Canadian maker educators’ views on assessment. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 39, 100631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2023.100631

Mylonas, G., Amaxilatis, D., Pocero, L., Markelis, I., & Hofstaetter, J. (2019). An educational IoT lab kit and tools for energy awareness in European schools. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 20, 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2019.03.003

Ng, O.-L., & Chan, T. (2019). Learning as making: Using 3D computer-aided design to enhance the learning of shape and space in STEM-integrated ways. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(1), 294–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12643

Papavlasopoulou, S., Giannakos, M. N., & Jaccheri, L. (2017). Empirical studies on the Maker Movement, a promising approach to learning: A literature review. Entertainment Computing, 18, 57–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2016.09.002

Papert, S. (1980). Mindstorms. Children, computers, and powerful ideas. Basic Books.

Parent, S., Michaud, O., Davidson, A. L., Sanabria, J., & Artemova, I. (2022). Apprentissage non formel dans quatre espaces créatifs québécois : analyse basée sur la théorie de l’activité. Revue internationale du CRIRES. Innover dans la tradition de Vygotsky, 6(3), 66–85. https://doi.org/10.51657/ric.v6i2.51549

Peters, M., Godfrey, C., Mclnerey, P., Baldini Soares, C., Khalil, H., & Parker, D. (2015). Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual. 2015 Edition. The Joanna Briggs Institute.

Ramey, K. E., & Stevens, R. (2019). Interest development and learning in choice-based, in-school, making activities: The case of a 3D printer. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 23, 100262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2018.11.009

Riikonen, S. M., Kangas, K., Kokko, S., Korhonen, T., Hakkareinen, K., & Seitamaa-Hakkarainen, P. (2020). The development of pedagogical infrastructures in three cycles of maker-centered learning projects. Design and Technology Education. An International Journal, 25(2), 29–49.

Rodriguez, S. R., Harron, J. R., & DeGraff, M. W. (2018). UTeach Maker: A micro-credentialing program for preservice teachers. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 34(1), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/21532974.2017.1387830

Rouse, R., & Gillespie Rouse, A. (2022). Taking the maker movement to school: A systematic review of preK-12 school-based makerspace research. Educational Research Review, 35, 100413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2021.100413

Schad, M., & Jones, W. M. (2020). The maker movement and education: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 52(1), 65 -78. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2019.1688739

Searle, K. A., Fields, D. A., & Kafai, Y. B. (2016). Is sewing a « girl’s sport »? Addressing gender issues in making with electronic textiles. Dans K. Peppler, E. Halverson, et Y. B. Kafai M. (dir.), Makeology. Makers as Learners, vol. 2 (p. 72 -84). Routledge.

Thanapornsangsuth, S., & Holbert, N. (2020). Culturally relevant constructionist design: Exploring the role of community in identity development. Information and Learning Science, 121(11/12), 847–867. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-02-2020-0024

Thomas, D. R. (2006). A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data. American Journal of Evaluation, 27(2), 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214005283748

Tofel-Grehl, C., Jex, E., Searle, K., Ball, D., Zhao, X., & Burnell, G. (2020). Electrifying: One teacher’s discursive and instructional changes through engagement in e-textiles to teach science content. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 20(2), 293–314. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/213819/

Tricco, A.-C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K.-K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M.-D., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Aki, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Harling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., Lewin, S., et al. (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) : Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850

Trust, T., & Maloy, R. W. (2018). Makerspaces and 3D printing: New directions for history learning. Social Education, 82(2), 101–106.

Vossoughi, S., & Bevan, B. (2014). Making and tinkering: A review of the literature. National Research Council Committee on Out of School Time STEM, 67, 1–55.

Vossoughi, S., Hooper, P. K., & Escudé, M. (2016). Making through the lens of culture and power: Toward transformative visions for educational equity. Harvard Educational Review, 86(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.17763/0017-8055.86.2.206

Weng, X., Cui, Z., Ng, O.-L., Jong, M. S. Y., & Chiu, T. K. F. (2022). Characterizing students’ 4C skills development during problem-based digital making. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 31(3), 372–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-022-09961-4

Wright, L., Shaw, D., Gaidds, K., Lyman, G., & Sorey, T. (2018). 3D pit stop printing. Science and Children, 55(7), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.2505/4/sc18_055_07_55

Published

2024-11-01